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How the stain occurs in biological processes.
Observe the biological process of how the staining occurs (melanin pigment).
The discoloration occurs due to an imbalance in the melanocyte’s physiological process.
Melanocytes in the basal epidermal layer carry out melanogenesis to create melanin and generate tiny vesicles known as melanosomes. These structures are responsible for producing, storing, and releasing melanin to keratinocytes.
Solar radiation or other internal and external factors stimulate the biochemical process of melanogenesis within the melanosomes in melanocytes.
- The conversion of tyrosine takes place in DOPA with the help of the tyrosinase enzyme.
- This enzyme also converts DOPA to Dopaquinone.
- The formation pathway of feomelanin (yellow and red melanin) and eumelanin (brown and black melanin) starts with these two distinct pathways.
Melanin plays a crucial role in safeguarding the cell nucleus of keratinocytes, acting as a strong defense against radiation-induced harm.
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